In fact, some of the sensors needed to undertake this type of work are incredibly inexpensive.
Achieve an air tightness of ≤ 0.6 air changes/ hr @ n50.The building design also needs to achieve low primary energy & renewable demand.
This is a combined target and is based on the energy consumed by building systems and the renewable energy generated by building mounted wind, photovoltaics or solar thermal systems.. For the above reasons, Passivhaus is a suitable standard for clients and developers that seek a well-established, sustainability standard to deliver low energy buildings with the highest construction quality, aspiring to net zero carbon in operation.. Bryden Wood’s 10-step approach to Passivhaus building design and construction.Whilst there is no fixed formula to Passivhaus, Bryden Wood proposes the achievement of the above targets via the following 10 steps, which relate both to design decisions and construction specifications for improved sustainability:.A compact shape with low building envelope to volume ratios.. Building orientation to benefit from useful solar gains.. Optimised window sizes to capitalise on useful solar gains, reduce heat losses and deliver exemplary levels of natural light into the building..
Highly insulated walls, floors and roofs.. Site specific shading to mitigate summertime overheating, whilst allowing winter solar heat gains.. High performance triple glazing with thermally bridge- free heads, jams and sills.. A thermal bridge-free building via detailed design of junctions, and clear and easily buildable air seal lines, to deliver the specified air permeability..Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) and low-pressure loss duct systems to minimise heating demand..
High-performance air source heat pumps for heating and DHW.. Renewable technology, including building mounted photovoltaics, solar thermal or small-scale generators and consider the use of battery storage for improving payback periods of building mounted renewables..
Recommended design measures for the achievement of Passivhaus performance.In the Ethics Unit of my Business Module, I present and discuss data presented in Nature 2018.
Through global interviews a team sought to discover, in a life-or-death situation, who people would prioritise to save.Was it the young, the old, the fit, the lawful, humans over animals?
The idea was to investigate the embedded moral decisions made by autonomous cars in dangerous situations.The results are interesting in that they showed, unsurprisingly that different individuals and cultures gave different responses.
(Editor: Mini Kettles)